BREAKING… 3RD UPDATE: The Screen Actors Guild and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists are now one union effective immediately.
The announcement was greeted with huge cheers, applause, hugs, and the mass singing of “We Shall Overcome” inside the headquarters. SAG President Ken Howard and AFTRA National President Roberta Reardon, both
strong advocates of the merger, announced the referendum results today in Los Angeles saying, “SAG-AFTRA is born.” Howard continued, “This is the day that we have decisively chosen a path of unity and strength. This is the culmination of years of work. People have worked for this goal for decades. We stand on your shoulders. The members wanted merger, they wanted it as soon as possible and, member, you can be assured that you were heard. You have sent a message to our employers. You have said loud and clear this is not a fractured group but a united group. We are committed to helping to shape the future of the industries. In a single day our future has become brighter.”
After the announcement Howard told Deadline that “relief” was his persnal reaction to the refrendum result. “This merger was so necessary to the future of actors and I wanted it be resoundingly approved,” he said. “That they approved it with such a massive mandate is a huge answer for us going forward.” The single union now represents more than 150,000 actors, announcers, broadcasters journalists, dancers, DJs, news writers, news editors, program hosts, puppeteers, recording artists, singers, stunt performers, voiceover artists and other media professionals. Their work can be seen and heard in theaters, on television and radio, sound recordings, the Internet, games, mobile devices and home video.
Immediately, the AMPTP which represents Big Media’s studios and networks stated about the merged union: “The AMPTP looks forward to a cooperative relationship with the new performers’ organization as we endeavor to address the challenges of operating in an industry undergoing transformation.” The Directors Guild as well as the Writers Guild West and East also sent congratulations.
One nagging issue which no one at today’s podium wanted to address with substance was the future (and possible merger) of the SAG and AFTRA pension and health plans. Said SAG Executive Director David White who also has been on the Board Of Trustees of the SAG P&HP: “I think today we are celebrating but we are going to begin the process. But we don’t have much more to add at this point.” And Ken Howard said, “I think they will get a lot stronger over time. We were able to clear up a lot of misconceptions. Let me give you an example, vested pensions are protected by federal law. So they will not be diluted.”
The referendum results were:
SAG:
105,368 number of ballots mailed.
81.9 percent yes votes
53 percent returned
AFTRA:
65,744 number of ballots mailed.
86.18 percent of yes votes
51.7 percent returned
Big cheers erupted when Ken Howard said, ”Let me introduce my esteemed SAG-AFTRA Co-President Roberta Reardon, who said, “What an incredible culmination of two years of hard work. We stand as one. This new union will give us the collective voice and presence to protect our present contracts. Finally we are able to speak with one unified voice. In life there’s rarely reward without risk. There is power in a union.”
Asked by Deadline what they had to say to the anti-merger forces, Reardon replied: “I encourage them to stay involved. It’s a big tent.” To which Howard said, ”Ditto”.
AFTRA National Executive Director Kim Roberts Hedgpeth said: ”This is a historic day not just for our members but the American labor movement… Today’s vote is a bold statement that union solidarity is alive and well and will not be denied.”
The first convention of the new ‘SAG-AFTRA’ union is scheduled to be held in Los Angeles around September 2013. Click here to see the merger agreement document. The results, tallied by Integrity Voting Systems, were also streamed live online Friday afternoon.
A result of 60% or more from the valid returned ballots cast in each union’s vote was required for the merger to be approved. More than 131,000 ballots were sent out on February 27th to members of both unions. The deadline for ballots to be returned to be counted was 10 AM PST today. Union members were encouraged to approve the merger by their respective national boards who claimed that “one union will increase our bargaining leverage”. But anti-merger forces led by Martin Sheen, Ed Harris, Anne-Marie Johnson, and other high profile critics cited concerns about other issues,
including the lack of a formal study to determine how SAG’s and AFTRA’s health and pension plans would be handled after the merger. The anti-merger group went to court to stop the vote. But on March 28, Judge James Otero dismissed their effort. However, Otero did allow the anti-merger force’s claims that the SAG board breached fiduciary duties in the proposed merger and of breach of contract to continue in the courts. But today’s referendum culminates a merger effort that has been rejected in the past by SAG members several times.
Here is the SAG-AFTRA announcement:
LOS ANGELES (March 30, 2012) — The American Federation of Television and Radio Artists and Screen Actors Guild are pleased to announce that members of both organizations have overwhelmingly voted to approve a merger, creating a new entity, SAG-AFTRA. SAG members voted 82 percent in favor of the merger. AFTRA members favored the merger with 86 percent, exceeding the 60 percent threshold needed for both unions’ membership for passage.
The merger is effective immediately, and brings under a single union banner more than 150,000 actors, announcers, broadcasters journalists, dancers, DJs, news writers, news editors, program hosts, puppeteers, recording artists, singers, stunt performers, voiceover artists and other media professionals. Their work can be seen and heard in theaters, on television and radio, sound recordings, the Internet, games, mobile devices and home video.
“With this historic vote, members of both unions have affirmed one of the most basic principles of unionism: Together we are stronger,” said SAG-AFTRA National Co-President Ken Howard. “This merger, the result of months – really years – of planning, brings together the best elements of both unions and positions us well to thrive in the changing 21st-century media landscape.”
“The merger of these two unions is a huge victory for our members, and it is a monumental achievement for the labor movement,” said SAG-AFTRA National Co-President Roberta Reardon. “As this vote today proves, great and transformative things are possible when working Americans stand together and shape their collective destiny through their union. I applaud every member who voted, and invite all members, locally and nationally, to join with us in building a successor union worthy of AFTRA and SAG.”
In July 2010, Reardon and Howard, as presidents of AFTRA and SAG respectively, created the Presidents’ Forum for One Union to facilitate focused and informed discussions between leaders of the two unions and their members to establish a common vision for a single, new national union.
The forum included a nationwide Listening Tour, in which Howard and Reardon traveled to cities across the country to connect with members and solicit their feedback for a possible merger. They received an overwhelmingly positive response.
In June 2011, elected member leaders from both unions formed the Group for One Union — known as G1 — which subsequently created workgroups to focus on key areas such as governance, collective bargaining and operations for the proposed new union. In late January, the National Boards of AFTRA and SAG overwhelmingly voted to send the merger package to members for ratification.
SAG was the nation’s largest labor union representing working actors. Founded in 1933, it had a rich history standing up to the movie studios and trying to eliminate the exploitation of actors who were being forced into oppressive multi-year contracts that did not include restrictions on work hours or minimum rest periods, and often had clauses that automatically renewed at the studios’ discretion. With 20 branches nationwide, SAG represents more than 125,000 principal and background actors who work in film and digital motion pictures and television programs, commercials, video games, corporate/educational, Internet and all new media formats. the International Federation of Actors. Since 1995, the guild has annually awarded the Screen Actors Guild Awards.
AFTRA represented 70,000 performers in 32 locals across the country. Their professions include actors, broadcasters, singers, dancers, announcers, hosts, comedians, and disc jockeys across the media industries including television, radio, cable, sound recordings, music videos, commercials, audio books, non-broadcast industrials, interactive games, the Internet and other digital media. The union began after Congress passed the National Labor Relations Act in 1935, and radio artists from Los Angeles banded together to form the Radio Actors Guild. About the same time, Radio Equity was created in New York under the umbrella of Actors’ Equity. On August 16, 1937, the American Federation of Radio Artists was formed, succeeding Radio Equity and the Radio Actors Guild. On September 17, 1952, AFRA merged with the Television Authority and created the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists.
1:13 PM: The mood is visibly upbeat, indicating that the SAG-AFTRA merger has passed. But there is still no official announcement and the press conference is delayed. The problem appears to be that the livestream isn’t working. Deadline’s Dominic Patten is at the L.A. headquarters and reports, “Lots of SAG and AFTRA execs hugging and laughing.” The execs just announced that former SAG President Melissa Gilbert is there: she tried and failed to get the merger passed.
Editor-in-Chief Nikki Finke - tip her here.


Great, if that’s the case, Nikki. Many naysayers like me have pretty much just given up (pending, oh, I don’t know, quality details) fighting against it, as opposed to the damage that -not- being merged has caused. So if the swing vote finally swung so we can get on with things, great.
I’ll be getting on with going Fi-Core
Where’s the beef?..
RIP SAG
I believe you mean “RIP SAVE SAG< and RIP Just SAY SAG Thankfully, we are one. But, good news. Those who look through rose colored glasses into the past for a SAG that no longer can exist still will have a place and a voice at the SAG-AFTRA table!!
This whole merger was accomplished with rose colored glasses.
word. the rose colored glasses cover up that fact that AFTRA back stabbed and undercut SAG so horribly that SAG had to put its tail between its legs and merge with AFTRA.
Might as well let the porn “actors” in as well now!
The deception of the membership was successful.
Ahem.
The PC term is “sex industry workers.”
And yes, if they want to unionize, it only takes 240 of our delegates to let them into the union.
On the plus side, if that happens, the annual meetings will be even more lively. . .
What is the difference between porn actors and WWE actors and golfers and singers having SAG/AFTRA cards?
It hasn’t meant anything in years.
You think “Hollywood” is ripping off it’s actor and actresses the valley which is the home of the porn industry pays it’s talent once and will re cut re-edit, use the photos as MANY TIMES AS IT WANTS TO, FOR LIFE oh let’s add selling rights to Europe and cable,pay per view and web downloads. So yea they should be let in the union or one should be created for that part of the entertainment industry.
Great news – too bad it too so long for it to happen. Better late than never and a big boost for bargaining power and hopefully more work for more people. Way to go folks!
You now have zero bargaining power. This is exactly the way the producers wanted this to go down. A disorganized majority is defeated by an organized minority every time. It’s poli-sci 101 and you saw an example of it in Vietnam.
You are disorganized because you have too many people from too many different walks of life in one “union.” On the other hand, the polar opposite of you guys would be the DGA, the Teamsters.
For unions to be successful the membership should have common goals: a working membership, working conditions, pay and most importantly leverage. To illustrate the latter: if you’re a steelworker and the working conditions and pay are not to your union’s liking, you can decide that you’ll go on strike with the idea in your back pocket that you’ll go into another line of work (the steelworker goes into the insurance game for example) if things are not resolved to your liking. Are actors really not going to act anymore? Are you guys going to into another line of work? Actually, doesn’t most of the SAG membership make the majority of their income from other lines of work.
Here’s a question for those of you in the know: The poverty level in this country for one person is $11k per year. What percentage of SAG members make more than that?
P3 – Pooh Pooh Platter Party. Say ‘Pooh’ to everything and ‘pooh’ on everything. We will MOVE forward into our collective bargaining future with or without the P3′ers. This is a great day for unionism, laborism and our Industry for BOTH SAG-AFTRA, AMPTP and all our peers and colleagues be them in unions or not. We have in one strong voice salvaged our ability to work together at the CBA table and begin anew building from the G(1)round Floor up on Tomorrow!!! We will welcome the minority who voiced opposition as in any sound, strong democracy and all work together.
I’ll say it again: This is exactly how the producers wanted this to go down. The suits couldn’t be happier over this merger.
agreed Andy
Wow. Amazing Andy.
I am a dual memeber and Andy, I couldn’t agree more. Kiss it Goodbye!
We lost two years due to nonsense a few years back, played games with the Writer’s, and AFTRA had immense power. I love many of the behind the scenes workers of both,so I hope those people don’t lose jobs….but I can think of a certain rep for a certain Union who maybe will have to make some new decisions. Here is to more set-backs, so let the Producer’s pockets grow larger. I know somewhere, light will appear, and higher-ups will recognize the shameless concept of merging…….and we can all rest assured, we will be stuck with sub par wages and conflicting standards and all that jazz. Yes, that was an upbeat notation. My dual votes were no. But I am vested in One of my Unions, and maybe Health insurance and problem solving may happen. And no one who has busted their butt should ever say they are going “fi-core” because the clueless and useless will weed themselves out, and we will all still work. And seeing only fifty-some % returned a ballot, there better not be any complaining from those who did not vote and had the chance. I sadlt don’t know French, so “say la vee”
Andy is right. This was a mess.
Since it’ll be harder to get a strike vote approved now, maybe the silver lining will be work coming back to Los Angeles. I’ve worked in talent management for over 10 years and with each passing strike it gets worse and worse. I had a friend who had to relocate to Hungary just to keep her job because the boss wasn’t going to keep the “actual” shop in the US anymore. (and yes he is American and his wife is not Hungarian they are just fed up with how the cost of production get progressively higher every year)
I don’t know. I just think the ‘traditional’ model of creating entertainment is dying in general though. In 20 years I would not be shocked to see that TV and film have died off completely in favor of what we now call ‘new media’
This is a terrible day for SAG. I know that many of us feel the same in that misinformed voters just approved what amount to losses, not gains, for our Guild. I don’t see how they can say that Pension and Health won’t suffer further from this, especially as information emerges in the current fraud investigation. This is just another example of vertical integration that will not benefit the member body. This is sad. Very sad. Just as in our political elections, voters only know what others TELL them to do and how to vote. None, and I do mean NONE of the members read the actual proposal. Ok, maybe a few, but if more had, this would have gone the other way. Whatever. Time marches on…and time will tell.
I read them. Every word. And voted no.
Let me see, by your view 82% were misguided and 18% saw the light. 82% of SAG doesn’t know what its voting for? but the 18%, surely they knew the truth. Say’s a lot about your faith in your fellow members.
Disgruntled Viewer – I’m not writing only about my fellow members, I’m writing about my good, fine friends. Highly educated, extremely successful. In the top 2% of earners in SAG for decades. And I know for a fact almost none of them read the merger agreement or the “feasibility study.” I have great faith in them. But they have far too much faith in those that put this merger together.
Great day for SAG. Great day for AFTRA. Great day for AMPTP. Great day for DGA, WGA, IATSE and an entire Industry that has thirsted for the acting community to stand up and get its collective S**T together and make a change. We will all work together, dissenting voices will be taken into the collective process we create before we move together as one voice to sit across the table from our counterparts in this process, AMPTP. Glorious, great day!! SAG-AFTRA!!
Federal Law prevents Pension and Health from suffering!
Do your homework!!
yes the Pensions aresaved, but let’s do real math too…
Yay! Now weathermen and sports reporters in local markets all across the country can veto strikes against film producers and TV networks!
Broadcasters and recording artists are 8% of SAG-AFTRA. Go back to your porch, I think there are some kids you need to get off your damn lawn.
Oh, and they don’t vote on our contracts.
Do your homework.
They won’t vote on actor’s contracts, but they do vote to approve and disapprove a strike. They are two very different things. It is against Federal law to only allow a portion of a union to vote on whether to allow a strike or not. Since you are all now one union, it is all one vote as one.
Also, if you think 8% isn’t enough to swing and election, you have a pretty optimistic view of the voting process.
SAGAFT or AFTSAG?
SAGAFT. And the AFT is silent.
Awesome.
Well, I must have know about all the NO votes by the margin they gave. And as my boyfriend just said “those people all just got a little richer.” It’s a very sad day.
“However, Otero did allow the anti-merger force’s claims that the SAG board breached fiduciary duties in the proposed merger and of breach of contract to continue in the courts. ”
The question becomes, can the judge overturn the merger after the trail ends?
Congratulations… SUCKERS.
Oh, you got that right. This was voted up by rich actor-producers, and people who book one line on CSI once a year and like to still claim they make their living as actors. God help the middle class working actor through the chaos of the next few years, but the deal is done and we have to live with it.
Actually, if you’ve been on CSI, you can’t be on it again for at least 4-5 years. It’s a standing rule. Everyone at some point is at the level of only being able to book a couple of jobs with a couple of lines per year. Either it gets better for them or stays the same. Either way, it’s an effing struggle in this business. If you are fortunate to work more than that, you should have a little more respect for those who are still in the trenches. Someone who gets a line once or twice a year could sign with a new agent and get a series regular tomorrow after years of struggling and bit parts. How would you feel if after getting a huge break they were to look down on you for working 5-6 times a year and having 10 lines per job.
Get off your high horse. Your snobbery and looking down on those who book less work than you is the mentality that keeps us all divided. All this “we are together” is bullshit.
All the people who are regulars on shows that I’ve worked with when I get a job are the nicest people. All the people who book a couple of jobs a year are also usually very nice. It’s the people like you who work more than the bit part people but not as much as the regulars who have the nastiest attitude. It’s so close, yet so far, makes you bitter.
SAG board member…you probably did that to network and try to get more work.
I hate snobs.
Have respect for ALL actors. It ain’t easy.
I have respect for all actors Vincent, and you should, too.
You should respect actors who don’t have a solid contract but are trying to get one with solid work on a network show. When my contract is solid (meaning, when I’m a co-star for a season) I tend to be a lot friendlier with everyone, because my contract is solid.
On the other hand, when I’m trying to impress producers and get more work with an emotional six-arc dramatic character, I still have respect for other actors, but certainly not talkative extras/under5s who are trying to distract me with the minutiae of their lives while I’m preparing offstage for an emotional scene.
I don’t want to hear about your new headshots or tell you my opinion of the latest stagedoor scuttlebutt – I am busy preparing, and that means, “Don’t Bother Me”. Anybody trying to bother me with smalltalk because they are nervous/have nothing to lose will get a cold shouler. No doubt you had an unpleasant experience like this because you couldn’t recognize the other actor’s work process.
Hopefully this new union will provide many learning experiences for every actor, from the ones at the tippy top to the ones at the very bottom, and everyone in between.
I am so glad the merger happened….BUT was not a fan of them singing “We Shall Overcome.”…….just didnt seem right or proper.
Agree. Not at all appropriate.
Maybe Anne Marie Johnson should not have declared it a “Civil Rights” movement?? Just sayin’
I read that in the story and thought it had been a misprint… or a really poor attempt at humor on the part of the SAG / AFTRA board. Idiotic.
probably an subtle jab at AMJ for her declaration this was a “civil rights” movement
As a producer… This could not make me happier!
We know that!
Fucking Tolja!
I’m glad for the change and hope that THIS UNION will become the epitome of fairness and equal opportunity and that corruption and dicrimination issues like the Taft/Hartley bill, formerly ignored, will now be addressed and eliminated,and that ALL actors working on union productions whether union members or not will receive a fair chance in the pursuit of their goals and dreams.Jimmy Quintana
I admire the positive outlook. Now, let’s increase wages, counts on sets, zones, mileage, cost of living and take into account everyone who dropped $$ to join an open membership to gain access in a merger,will now be able to take veteran spots away. This a rare for me, but keep your allies close!!
I think we should call it SAFTRA. And make sure it’s a union and not a guild or association.
Sorry, Kitty,
You don’t have a say anymore. All of these decisions will now be made behind closed doors at the convention, voted up by a majority of the 400 delegates present.
Democracy was fun while it lasted.
Ha. LOL. ROTFLMAO. Funny person. Very funny. Nice humorous touch. Democracy thrives ONWARD and UPWARD. What a great, glorious day!!!
And “SAG [TRULY] is no more because we are in the 21st Century and now have a progressive, evolving ONE UNION to move into the next generation. SAG as you want it is the same as declaring “The Golden Years” behind us. Well, that can only mean “The Diamond Years” of SAG-AFTRA lie ahead and it’s a GREAT GREAT DAY!! I hope you will bring your voice to the table and continue to speak your p.o.v. no matter what you wanted on this referendum!
Don, I like your thoughts on this….
“Never underestimate the power of stupid people in large groups!”
Or large people in stupid groups.
Agree, the 82% of us who voted for the merger are all stupid, it’s only the 18% against who have any intellect.
It is shameful that I am waiting on a seven month late payment on a SAG commercial, but the Union merger is effective immediately? Actually, show’s a clear point of who care about what.
I agree about the “We Shall Overcome” impromptu song — not appropriate at all.
FYI Anne Marie Johnson initiated the concept of this Merger campaign, in their case the anit-Merger Movement, as a “Civil Rights” movement. So either it was a subtle jab (doubtful) or simply impromptu feeling that ‘overcame’ (sorry, bad unintended pun) going with the same feeling. You’d be surprised how many people on both sides of this merger campaign are so similar. I truly hope we all can overcome and work together, even with the necessary adversarial relationship with AMPTP to forge a future that will work for us all on both sides of the camera!!!
The AFL/CIO is now in control of the entire media.
I’m confused what this means as a background performer. I have two Aftra vouchers and one Sag voucher? Are they all invalid or am I now eligible?
I wouldn’t go building any BG performer castles in the sky . . .
. . . see, Ned Vaughn’s in charge now, and he don’t cotton to your type. You and your ilk are about to lose your vote and every other democratic right you’ve hoped to attain.
But your work will still generate contributions for Ned’s pension plan!
That’s the most amusing thing about this. So many of those who voted are about to lose their voting rights.
Dead on again. All the extra member’s and their ability to work,and double the competition, so half the work and three times the effort. Fun!!! Fun my friends. I’d like to hear Ann-Marie Johnson’s actual view. She has had SAG’s back for a lot of the greater picture work concepts, is a dual member,and I venture to say she might have been a
“no”??????
Call the SAG or AFTRA numbers for membership. They will know what the new criteria are.
Like with everything else, no one’s figured this out yet. When they do — you’ll be hosed.
You have a valid question. I would go to the SAG-AFTRA merger site to address that question. In my opinion, I believe you should be eligible now. My brother is in one of the most powerful electrical unions in the world. He said you have to sacrifice something in the beginning, to get to the “better end” in the future. As a former member of Aftra, and former eligible Sag actor, I can say I’m experiencing the positiveness of the merge already. I have been swapping resource info. (like classes, workshops, services) that Aftra offered back and forth with my SAG friends who’ve been filling me in on what services SAG offered. Now, we’ll both be able to take advantage of all services both organizations offered which can only help our careers.
Incredibly sad. Thank god for my WGA membership b/c I wouldn’t want to rely solely on this SAG AFTRA abortion.
“We Shall Overcome” ugh-overcome WHAT?, this misguided behemoth will trip on its own feet if the AMPTP sez so
“The AMPTP looks forward to a cooperative relationship with the new performers’ organization…”
ONE UNION! A Very Positive Step.
The current membership did a great job with informational meetings and general outreach to the membership. The naysayers do nothing but spew Fear mongering comments.
I am a vested member of THE UNION (formerly both) and I do not worry about my Pension. Why not you ask?
Because it is Protected. Read the info. Go to a meeting. I am grateful to the positive work these folks have done.
Sag/Aftra!
It’s not protected from large increases in minimum income earned, so you’re wrong.
I expect to lose my insurance in the next couple of years because almost all my work is SAG.
Yadda Yadda vested blah blah-me too. But there is so much more. Again, not mapped out, but in full effect! Do you remember the Writer’s Strike or two years of no SAG contract updates or wage increases? Now you do. Happy days ahead…..please share your form of medication with the “naysayers”, cuz we all need your dose of reality. Oh cool, yeah, reality TV…there we go. Oh, Maybe the California Market can go “right to work” next?
So go out and get us 9% over three years on the next Commercial Contract.(Like we got after the 2000 strike — within about a percentage point).
You wanna bet they’ll come back with 3% and tell us it’s a “win”?
SAG has merged with the powder puff gang.
I feel so bad for Actors younger than I — who will soon lose residuals, and wake up and find they will be getting “AFTRA style” pensions — (which means they will earn about half in pensions compared to what SAG members get for the amount of earnings).
“Overcome this” you wimps…
Feel good. Really good. The young actors finally have a real chance – and with many of them participating in their right to vote mercifully they had a say in their future and were not held back by people who are headed in the wrong direction trying to hang on to an illusion of something that has changed out of evolution and necessity. The future is bright for so many NOW ONE UNION talents!!
Glorious. We have overcome. And thanks to AMJ for declaring this a “Civil Rights” movement in order to so galvanize and inspire us to do right!
Ok, so Ann-Marie was for it. I asked a bit back, but ok, …..I don’t disagree with some concepts, but really…..Kate Walsh(whom I love and have worked with) didn’t need more endorsements nor does she have financial worries for the rest of her life. Now, let’s increase dues to the rich and see how happy they are…….Millions in, and a capped dues payment…..lower end…..Standard BS ++
Oh, you haven’t been losing residuals recently? It’s all SAG-AFTRA’s fault if residuals shrink?
I need to borrow that pedestal you are on with SAG. I have the opposite impression….AFTRA had power, and someone believed in sharing it. Ugh, it was not me.
Welcome to Hollywood, the new Detroit. Another city/entity destroyed by a Union that got too big and too powerful. We all are to blame for the demise of our careers and community.
Couldn’t agree more. The beginning of the end
The End. Is. The Beginning. SAG-AFTRA. One Union. HOPE. YES WE CAN. AND WE DID!!!
You dropped your pom poms two comments up
Hey Scarlett-did you steal my quote? Dead on…
We might be partially to blame, so again, non-voters and non educated can step to another line, but we are not all to blame. Forty some % did not vote-and there could have been a different outcome. Maybe Earnst & Young can tally future results.